Socio-economic Factors Influencing Fishers’ Adaptation to Climate Change in the Atlantic Coast of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Abstract

Fisheries production, particularly from marine sources, plays a crucial role in the socio-economic development of Nigeria and contributes significantly to the nation's economic growth as measured by Gross Domestic Production. The environmental interdependence of marine fisheries means that changes in the environment can have direct impacts on fishing activities and the livelihoods of fishers. One of the key challenges that has garnered attention from researchers and policy makers is the potential impact of climate change on fisheries. As environmental changes continue to unfold, it is imperative to consider the implications for the sustainability and resilience of marine fisheries and the communities that depend on them. Climate change poses a significant challenge to fisheries production in Nigeria, particularly affecting artisanal fishers' income. This study aims to investigate factors influencing fishers' adaptation to climate change impacts by examining the strategies employed. Data was collected from 140 Bonga Fishers using interview schedules, Focus Group Discussions, and key Informant Interviews to gain comprehensive insights into fishers' perspectives. Descriptive statistics and a Multinomial Logit Model (MNL) were utilized to evaluate the adaptation strategies employed by Bonga fishers. The findings revealed a predominant shift towards using motorized equipment and engaging in longer fishing trips, while integrating aquaculture with fishing was the least common approach. The MNL analysis highlighted that age, education, income, and social group membership positively impact adaptation. To enhance fishers' response to climate change, it is recommended to provide training and make affordable smart fishing technologies available.